ENFORCEMENT OR ETHICAL CAPACITY: CONSIDERING THE ROLE OF STATE ETHICS COMISSIONS AT THE MILLENIUM

ROBERT W. SMITH

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW, n.º 3/2003, pág. 283 a 295

1. INTRODUCTION 2. STATE ETHICS - WHAT WE KNOW A) BACKGROUND B) SELECTED LITERATURE 3. THEORETICAL CONSTRUCTS AND ETHICS COMMISSIONS A) THE FRIEDRICH-FINER DEBATE B) LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ETHICS COMMISSIONS ACTIVITY C) POLITICAL CULTURE AND ETHICS COMMISIONS D) SYMBOLIC POLITICS AND ETHICS COMMISSIONS 4. THE CASE STUDIES: EXPERIENCES IN THREE STATES A) MANDATE PROCESS B) PENALITIES AND ADMONISHMENTS C) FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE D) ADVISORY OPINIONS E) EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES 5. LOOKING BACK: ISSUES, THEORY, AND OBSERVATIONS A) CULTURE AND POLITICS B) REAL CONSEQUENCES C) ESTABLISHING PRECEDENT D) SCANDALS AND ETHICS COMMISSIONS E) EXPLICIT POLITICS AND ETHICS COMMISSIONS F) IMPLICIT POLITICS AND ETHICS COMMISSIONS G) LACK OF RESOURCES H) SYMBOLISM AND ETHICS COMMISSIONS 5. LOOKING BACK TO LOOKING FORWARD 6. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE BALANCE OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY